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| Genesis:
"At the beginning God created the sky and the ground (...) that the
ground produces alive animals each one according to its species. It
says make the man with our image and ressemblance(...)". Blumenbach
(naturalist of 18th) made fun of those which wanted to reduce all fauna
from the animals collected on Noah's Ark: "I really do not see how the
lazy one would have could make the pilgrimage of the Ararat Mount as
far as South America. It takes him one hour to cross by crawling a
distance of 1 meter 80". Wilhem His (chemist of 19th): "the fertilized
egg contains the excitation necessary to the growth. This excitation
contains all the genetic luggage as well paternal as maternal It is not
a form which is transmitted, nor a particular material able to generate
forms, but simply an excitation allowing to induce a generating growth
of forms. Not characters themselves but the beginning of a uniform
process of development ". Under his impulse its nephew F Miesher
discovers the nucleic acid without measuring the range of it. Voltaire:
"the race of the negros is a species of man different from ours, as the
race of the spaniels is greyhounds". Jacques Monod: "Lyssenko showed
the geneticists to support a theory radically incompatible with
dialectic materialism, therefore necessarily distorts. In spite of the
denials of the Russian geneticists, Lyssenko was right perfectly: the
theory of gene like hereditary determinant invariant through
generations, and even of hybridizations, is indeed completely
irreconcilable with the dialectical principles ". (Cf Also Engels: the
barley grain) July 20, 1974 (the USA): call of 10 scientists (of which
Watson, the "father" of the ADN) to cease the genetic engineering. 1975
- Asilomar (the USA): 150 biologists of the whole world define the
bases of a "ethics". Federal law of Edward Kennedy codifying genetic
research. Jacques Testart (Geneticist): "Me enquiring in assisted
procreation, I decided to stop. Not research for better doing than we
make already: the treatment of the sterility, but that which is within
reach, the genetic selection, which will involve a radical change of
the human person. I assert a logic of the not-discovery, an ethics of
not-research ". and to add: "I learned finally that one has illusions
of clearness with, always, of the darknesses. And I am sure that there
will be always. Then I prefer our darknesses with those of progress:
they are close to our roots, they are human ". Creation of the national
committee of Ethics (1983) Creation of the National Consultative
Committee of Ethics for the Health and Life sciences (1990).
Noëlle Lenoir (lawyer): (...)"article 1128 of the Civil code
distinguishes the things from the people. A cow is a thing taking into
consideration this article: one can buy it to consume his meat, his
milk, to even make clothing. The person on the other hand is not in the
trade ". Declaration of Jean-Paul II: "the man cannot make an attempt
on the creation of God". Mendel (cleaned): In 1866 establishes, while
working on the hybrids of peas, the statistics of the transmission of
the hereditary features. Mutant imagery, Egyptian Gods, Minotaure,
Fairy Mélusine (woman snake), Clip of Michael Jackson
(Morphing), Man Jaguar, Spider Man... "All good science fiction must be
initially of science and then of the fiction. More still, it must be in
phase with the scientific paradigm dominating of its time. For the
"Frankenstein" of Mary Shelley, this paradigm was electricity. For
"Godzilla" it was the radioactivity and bends. For "Jurassic Park", it
is biotechnology ". "Of tens of products resulting from the genetic
engineering are already at the point and await only the official
authorizations for débouler in the supermarkets: cheeses
fermented using transgenic bacteria, giant trouts, producing colza of
reduced oil, imputrescibles tomatos ". "the crime of Mr Cline": Dr.
Martin Cline, UCLA, carry out the first genetic Clerc's Office on
patients reached of thalassaemia in spite of prohibition
officielle.(1980) For Wilson, would be genetically determined the
family feeling, the endoctrination, the faith and even homosexuality.
If there are genes of homosexuality how can he be transmitted since the
homosexual ones do not have children? "Released from the constraints
which represents the parental duties, the homosexual ones could help
their nearest relatives and guarantee a greater survival to them". One
introduced into the genome of the tobacco a gene taken in a chromosome
of dog, and which causes to start the biosynthesis of gastric lipase.
This enzyme, essential with digestion, is completely lacking with the
victims of the mucoviscidose. 1995: A Suisse researcher creates a
transgenic fly in 14 eyes. "the ecologist Jeremy Rifkin (the USA) left
in war against the census human genes and the dangers the genetic
engineering estimating that they threaten freedoms and are likely to
lead to the eugenism, in other words the elimination of the individuals
nonin conformity". Francis Crick (Nobel Prize of medicine): "No new
born should be recognized human before to have passed a certain number
of tests relating to its genetic equipment". Joshua Lederberg (also
Nobel Prize of medicine): partisan of the "human cloning, effective
means to produce higher individuals". Jacques Attali: "(the multi-media
one) it is last physical technology before the next change, that of the
genetics. The ultimate phantasm of the genetics is also to take shape
oneself, to reproduce oneself. All our discussion on the multi-media
one is only one process of childbirth of the genetic company of
tomorrow ". The virtual man Genome project: world project of sequencing
of the totality of the human genome (kind of dictionary of our genetic
language). Walter Gilbert: "the sequencing of the totality of the human
genome is Graal of the human genetics". and still: "the sequencing is
the ultimate response to the command: Know yourself ". In is the USA
the DOE, Ministry for Energy, installed in Los Alamos and working on
the effects of radiations - especially genetic changes - one of the
organizations "engine" of the project artificial life? Biological
computer: Or the connection of an alive cell and a silicon chip. For
the moment its lifespan is limited to two weeks. Peter Fromherz: "We
study the possibility of connecting an important network of natural
neurons with a processor equipped with 2000 transistors". Hugo de Garis
(Enquiring at the department of the evolutionary systems of ATR with
Kyoto): "the increasing complexity of these machines will make us
appear foreign them and worrying. If I am with the source of the
problem, I would like to be with the source of the solutions (if it
there of a). I call these machines of the "artilects" (artificial
intellect). I am very pessimistic on this subject. I think that this
question will be with the source of a world war at the next century
between those which will think that the men must remain the dominant
species, and those which will want to entrust the management of our
complex companies to machines more intelligent than us ". | ![]() “Peptide antigénique” Huile gesso sur bois, 195 cm x cm 97 - 2001 - collection particulière ![]() détail ![]() détail |